2D-DOC

The “2D-DOC” solution helps combat fraud and secure the data exchanged between users and the administration.

What is 2D-DOC?

The 2D-DOC system is a secure mechanism implemented by France Titres under the mandate of the French Ministry of the Interior.
It takes the form of a two-dimensional barcode (2D) printed on a paper or digital document.
This barcode can only be read with a dedicated reader. It ensures the authenticity of the document and secures the exchange of information between users, professionals, and public authorities.

This barcode can only be read with a dedicated reader. It ensures the authenticity of the document and secures the exchange of information between users, professionals, and public authorities.

 

What is the purpose of 2D-DOC?

The 2D-DOC addresses concrete, everyday challenges:

  • Preventing document fraud by ensuring a document has not been falsified.

  • Building trust in online services by guaranteeing the integrity of exchanged information.

  • Facilitating digital administration by securing supporting documents sent electronically.

In practical terms, a proof of address containing a 2D-DOC guarantees to a company (such as a bank) or an administration (such as a town hall) that the name and address shown in the barcode match those printed on the document.
It is therefore impossible to alter the name or address with simple software without breaking the consistency between the document and the 2D-DOC content.

 

On which documents can you find a 2D-DOC?

The 2D-DOC appears on more than 50 types of paper or digital documents, such as:

  • Proof of address from energy or mobile phone providers

  • Income tax statements and tax notices

  • Payslips

  • National identity cards

  • Disability inclusion cards

  • Crit’Air vehicle stickers, etc.

These documents are used both in dealings with private companies and in administrative or social procedures.

 

How to read a 2D-DOC

Reading tools

Several smartphone apps (available on Google Play and Apple Store) can scan 2D-DOC barcodes and display the authentic information contained within them.

Recognized reading apps include:


Verification steps

When reading a 2D-DOC, several checks are performed:

  • The reader analyzes the barcode and extracts key data (document type, issuer, issue date, etc.).
  • It verifies the electronic signature to ensure the data has not been altered and that the issuer is legitimate.

The reader then displays a clear status:

  • Green: valid electronic signature → the document is authentic.

  • Red: reading failed → the document cannot be considered secured by 2D-DOC.

 

How does it work behind the scenes?

The 2D-DOC contains:

  • Key document data (type, issuer, identity, address, invoice number, issue date).

  • An electronic signature created through asymmetric encryption:

    • The issuing body (“Editor”) signs with a private key linked to a digital certificate (called a server seal).

    • Anyone with the corresponding public key can verify the authenticity of the document with a “Reader.”

This ensures that a 2D-DOC reader can automatically confirm:

  • The integrity of the document’s secured data.

  • The authenticity of the 2D-DOC, proving it was issued by a certified organization.
     

What is France Titres’ role?

Beyond technical implementation, France Titres oversees the governance of the 2D-DOC system. Its responsibilities include:

  1. Publishing reference documents

    2D-DOC V1 (AFNOR Standard XP Z42 101–104):

    • 2D-DOC System Process: describes the steps and rules of operation, from code generation to verification.

    • Technical Specifications: details the security and technical standards for creating and reading 2D-DOCs.

    • System Governance: defines the organization, stakeholders, and management rules for maintaining and evolving the 2D-DOC system.

  2. Maintaining official directories, including:

    • Participants

    • Certification authorities / TSL

    • 2D-DOC barcode issuers

    • 2D-DOC readers

  3. Governance oversight, including:

    • Publishing amendments or decisions (e.g., withdrawal of a participant’s contribution).

    • Overseeing the security of proof-of-address documents under 2D-DOC V1.

Documentation

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